Unless you actually live in the country or nearby, the best way of going to Thailand is by plane, the price of which will depend on the season, the airline, the days...
Although the peak season in Thailand is from November to April, the flights will be cheaper during these months. However, due to the Coronavirus pandemic, nowadays (Summer 2020) you can find the plane tickets at the same price as if it was the high season, for less than 500€. Still, this prices vary daily and usually the cheapest flights take longer and the company is less well recognised.
Anyway, the important information is that you should buy your tickets when the price is not over 500€, because if not you would be cheated. The airlines will offer you quite the same, so don't bother much about them. Nevertheless, two good options are Qatar Airways (the stop is in Dubai) and Turkish Airlines (the stop is at Istanbul's Airport, the biggest in the world). From Spain, including the stops, it takes about sixteen hours.
Internal transport in Thailand is cheap and worth using
Visiting Bangkok is nice, but there is much more that you shouldn't miss all around the country. For this reason, you will have to travel from one region to another in some kind of way. When moving to the north or the islands from the capital, I recommend (it is almost the only manageable option) using the plane too. For instance, flying from Bangkok to Chiang Rai is approximately 40€, so you can see that national airlines are affordable. Nevertheless, sometimes the tickets can cost a little bit more, but they hardly ever exceed 100€. It has to be taken into account that you will have to pay extra for your baggage, even if its just hand luggage. The way it works is that you pay according to the weight of the suitcases, and the price depends on the airline, but for 10kg the cost is about 10€.
Apart from the plane, other methods of transportation that you will probably have to use are the bus (for example to go from Chiang Mai to Chiang Rai), the ferry (to travel between the islands) and overall, the tuk tuk (photo above). This last curious vehicle is a mix between a bicycle or a motorbike (the most modern ones) and a car, and it is also used in other Asian countries like Vietnam. Even though theoretically it is cheaper than a taxi, many drivers have taken advantage of the growing popularity of tuk tuks and charge very high price to tourists.
An alternative to both taxis and tuk tuks is using Uber, an online platform in where you can book your ride knowing the price, the car and the driver in advanced. Despite the fact that it has been prohibited in many countries like Spain, since it is a competency to taxis, in Thailand it is still working and in my view, it is the best way of moving around the cities comfortably and without wasting money. Even so, it doesn't work in some small areas or in some islands like Koh Tao, so you will have to look for other options.
Finally, in the capital there are two train services, the subway and the sky train (photo above), which are also cheap, but it is a bit more complicated to use if you don't know the language.
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